Journal: iScience

Article Title: Regulatory changes underlying the evolution of skylight navigation

doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2026.116313

Figure Lengend Snippet: Absence of Homothorax from DRA ommatidia beyond higher diptera (A and A′) Homothorax ( Hth, yellow) immunostaining in the adult brain of a honeybee worker ( Apis mellifera ) labels distinct neuronal population. (A'' and A''') Pupal retina (13-day-old worker) showing the most dorsal ommatidia. The boxed region marks the ROI shown at higher magnification. Hth is clearly localized to the pigment rim and bristle cells but absent from ommatidia adjacent to the rim. (B and B′) Anti-Hth immunostaining in the larval brain of the monarch butterfly ( Danaus plexippus ) labels specific cells distinct from Bar-positive (cyan) cell populations. (B'' and B'''') Dorsal pupal retina (4-day-old) labeled with Anti-Bar (outer photoreceptors) and Anti-Spalt (Sal ; inner photoreceptors). Anti-Hth signal appears only as background autofluorescence, with no specific labeling. (C and C′) Whole-mounted fifth instar larval brain of Vanessa cardui stained with monarch Anti-Hth antibody (yellow) and Anti-Bar (cyan) antibody, confirming non-overlapping expression. The Dp Hth antibody cross-reacts and functions in Vanessa cardui. (C'' and C'''') Control staining in a 4-day-old V. cardui pupal retina shows strong hth expression in the pigment rim but not in adjacent ommatidia. (D and D′) Anti-Hth immunostaining in the pupal brain of Aedes aegypti labels distinct neuronal sets. (D'' and D'''') Pupal retina (1-day-old) labeled with Aa Op8 (marking all R7 photoreceptors except those in the dorsal region). Hth localization is confined to the pigment rim and pigment cells, with no detectable signal in photoreceptors. In all brain samples, DAPI (magenta) was used to label all nuclei. In all retinal close-up images, “P” denotes the pigment rim, with the dashed line outlining the area adjacent to the photoreceptors. Per species: N = 3 (brain) and N = 5 (retina). Scale bars, 50 μm (brain) and 20 μm (retina).

Article Snippet: Guinea pig Anti- Aa Op8 , Perry Lab (unpublished) , N/A.

Techniques: Immunostaining, Labeling, Staining, Expressing, Control

Journal: Biomaterials Research

Article Title: Injectable Poloxamer and Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel for Sustained Co-Delivery of Dexamethasone and Lidocaine Ameliorates Neuropathic Pain

doi: 10.34133/bmr.0373

Figure Lengend Snippet: TRPV1-mediated nociceptive sensitization in the DRG and spinal cord dorsal horn (SC) following CCI and treatment. (A) Schematic illustration of the proposed mechanism: Injury-induced TRPV1 ion channel activation triggers calcium influx and downstream CGRP release, which activates adenylate cyclase/PKA signaling to amplify neuropathic pain sensitization. (B) Representative immunofluorescence images of the DRG stained for TRPV1 (red), NeuN (green), and DAPI (blue). The Injury group shows marked up-regulation of TRPV1 in sensory neurons. Dex/Lid@PLX/HA treatment substantially reduces TRPV1 expression, restoring it to near-Naive levels. Scale bars, 200 μm (overview) and 50 μm (inset). (C) Immunofluorescence staining for TRPV1 (red) and NeuN (green) in the spinal dorsal horn. The dashed line indicates the dorsal horn boundary. Dex/Lid@PLX/HA significantly suppresses injury-induced central TRPV1 up-regulation. Scale bar, 200 μm. (D to F) Quantitative analysis of the relative TRPV1 + area in the DRG (top) and spinal cord (middle), and the SGC/neuron ratio. Dex/Lid@PLX/HA shows marked suppression of TRPV1 overexpression relative to the injury group. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. **** P < 0.0001, ** P < 0.01, * P < 0.05, ns: not significant.

Article Snippet: The sections were then incubated overnight at 4 °C with the following primary antibodies: TRPV1 (Alomone Labs, catalog number ACC-030-GP), Iba-1 (Abcam, catalog number ab5076), NeuN (Abcam, catalog number ab104224), CD68 (Abcam, catalog number ab31630), CD163 (Abcam, catalog number ab182422), CGRP (Abcam, catalog number ab47027), GFAP (Millipore, catalog number MAB360), and NF200 (Abcam, catalog number ab8135).

Techniques: Activation Assay, Immunofluorescence, Staining, Expressing, Over Expression